[Pembrolizumab-associated autoimmune encephalitis in an elderly patient with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. A clinical case]

An Sist Sanit Navar. 2021 Aug 20;44(2):291-297. doi: 10.23938/ASSN.0948.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Therapeutic objectives for the geriatric patient are improvement of quality of life and functional capacity rather than a mere increase in survival. In neoplastic disease, the decision to initiate administration of curative therapies, especially immunotherapy, should be taken only after any potential risks have been taken into account. Geriatric patients are more susceptible to developing more serious adverse reactions than the younger population. We report the case of an octogenarian patient with non-small cell lung cancer who developed neurologic toxicity following pembroli-zumab therapy. We carry out a differential diagnosis of encephalitis and provide a literature review of pembrolizumab-associated auto-immune encephalitis cases in order to improve our knowledge of this unusual toxicity. An interdisciplinary approach and comprehensive geriatric assessment are essential components to prevent functional decline in the elderly.

Los objetivos terapéuticos en el paciente geriátrico son la mejora de su calidad de vida y de su capacidad funcional frente al mero incremento de su supervivencia. En patología neoplásica, la decisión de iniciar tratamiento curativo, especialmente inmunoterapia, debe realizarse tras una completa valoración de los riesgos potenciales. El paciente geriátrico es más susceptible a desarrollar reacciones adversas y de mayor gravedad que el paciente más joven.

Se presenta el caso de un anciano octogenario con carcinoma no microcítico pulmonar que desarrolló toxicidad neurológica tras tratamiento con pembrolizumab. Se realiza un diagnóstico diferencial de encefalitis y una revisión de los casos de encefalitis autoinmune por pembrolizumab para mejorar nuestro conocimiento de esta infrecuente toxicidad. El trabajo interdisciplinar y la valoración geriátrica integral son elementos esenciales para prevenir el deterioro funcional del anciano.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological* / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / drug therapy
  • Encephalitis*
  • Hashimoto Disease
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Quality of Life

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
  • pembrolizumab

Supplementary concepts

  • Hashimoto's encephalitis